Programming

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Introduction

Programming is one way human can instruct computer to perform tasks. Computer can also program another computer to do collaborative tasks together. With the current trendy to use artificial intelligence (AI) for digital society, the later will path way for more impact in years to come.

What does a programmer do?

Generally

we do coding, debugging, software testing and documentation

Advanced

Those with more experience will do integration, analysis (big data model development) and maintenance

Debugging

No programmer can do any practical code with their first try. Human are not genetically made to do programming, hence we need debugging to correct that shortfall.

High Level Programming

Python

Design in 1991 by Guido van Rossum, it is widely used by the AI and big data community worldwide. This programming is easily distinguished by its four whitespace indentation in aligning data structure. Python interpreters are available for many operating systems (linux and Windows).

Current stable release: 3.8.1, 18th Dec 2019 [link]
- Older Python 2.7.x series for many existing libraries: 2.7.10, 23 May 2015 [link]
Filename extension: .py, .pyi, .pyc, .pyd, .pyo, .pyw, .pyz
Coding to print hello world in Python:

print('Hello, world!')

Java

Design in 1995 by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, it was a popular programming language for the pre-millenium generations programmers.

The Oracle Java License has changed for releases starting April 16, 2019.

Oracle Java SE
- Commercial license is required for non personal use and development. The annual cost to business ranges from US$15 to US$1200 depending on the support.
- Java SE 13, 17th Sep 2019 [link]
Java Runtime Engine: Version 8 Update 241, 14 Jan. 2020 (link)
Filename extension: .java, .class, .jar
Coding to print hello world in Java:

public class HelloWorldApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Prints the string to the console.

        System.out.println("Hello World!");

Keywords

programming, coding, python, perl, java, I2R, ASTAR, NTU, computer, research, science, Singapore